Type Shapefile
The North American Blue Carbon map shows the distribution of salt marsh, mangrove, and seagrass habitats in North America. Although this dataset represents the most comprehensive North American spatial distribution of blue carbon to date, many seagrass and salt marsh habitats have yet to be mapped.
The North American Blue Carbon map shows the distribution of salt marsh, mangrove, and seagrass habitats in North America.
Data were compiled from approximately 50 source datasets, including international (UNEP-WCMC), national (Conabio, US Geological Survey and the US National Wetlands Inventory), as well as state and provincial sources and information from individual investigators. This 2021 release represents the third update to the CEC’s mapping of blue carbon habitats, and was a priority within the Strengthening Adaptation Capacity in Marine Protected Areas project under the CEC’s 2019–2020 Operational Plan.
Although this release presents the most comprehensive picture of North American blue carbon spatial distribution at the time of publication, many seagrass and salt marsh habitats have yet to be mapped and efforts to do so are ongoing, with several pending updates underway.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC). 2021. “North American Environmental Atlas - Blue Carbon (Seagrass)”. Ed. 2.0, Vector digital data [1:10,000,000].
This material is licensed under CC BY 4.0, allowing non-exclusive rights to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, so long as attribution is given to the creator.
| West | -180 | East | -50 |
| North | 85 | South | 14 |
| Maximum (zoomed in) | 1:5,000 |
| Minimum (zoomed out) | 1:150,000,000 |
The North American Blue Carbon map shows the distribution of salt marsh, mangrove, and seagrass habitats in North America. Data was compiled from approximately 50 source datasets, including international (UNEP-WCMC), national (Conabio, US Geological Survey and the US National Wetlands Inventory), as well as state and provincial sources and information from individual investigators. This 2021 release represents the third update to the CEC’s mapping of blue carbon habitats and was a priority within the Strengthening Adaptation Capacity in Marine Protected Areas project under the CEC’s 2019–2020 Operational Plan. Although this release presents the most comprehensive picture of North American blue carbon spatial distribution at the time of publication, many seagrass and salt marsh habitats have yet to be mapped and efforts to do so are ongoing, with several pending updates underway. Details on the sources are provided in the attached metadata documentation.
En este mapa se muestra la distribución de hábitats de marismas, manglares y lechos de pasto marino de América del Norte. Los datos con base en los cuales se elaboró se compilaron de alrededor de 50 conjuntos de datos de fuentes internacionales (como el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente [PNUMA-CMCM]), nacionales (el Servicio Geológico de Estados Unidos [US Geological Survey], el Inventario Nacional de Humedales [National Wetlands Inventory] de Estados Unidos y la Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad [Conabio] de México) y estatales o provinciales, además de información aportada por investigadores a título individual. Esta versión correspondiente a 2021 constituye la tercera actualización a la cartografía de la Comisión para la Cooperación Ambiental (CCA) de hábitats que captan y almacenan carbono azul, y responde a una de las prioridades del proyecto Fortalecimiento de la capacidad adaptativa de áreas marinas protegidas, del Plan Operativo 2019-2020 de la misma CCA. Si bien el mapa actualizado representa la imagen más completa de la distribución espacial del carbono azul a escala regional lograda a la fecha, todavía quedan numerosos hábitats de lechos de pasto marino y marismas por cartografiarse, de manera que los esfuerzos para completar esta tarea siguen en marcha, y se prevén varias actualizaciones pendientes del material. Los detalles sobre las fuentes se proporcionan en la documentación sobre metadatos adjunta.
La carte du carbone bleu en Amérique du Nord illustre la répartition des habitats de marais salés, de mangroves et d’herbiers marins sur le continent nord-américain. Les données ont été compilées à partir d’une cinquantaine de sources internationales et nationales, dont le Programme des Nations Unies pour l’environnement (PNUE-CMSC), la Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (Conabio, Commission nationale sur la connaissance et l’utilisation de la biodiversité), l’United States Geological Survey (USGS, Service géologique des États-Unis) et le National Wetlands Inventory (NWI, Inventaire national des zones humides) des États-Unis, ainsi qu’à partir de sources étatiques et provinciales, mais aussi grâce à des informations fournies individuellement par des chercheurs. Cette version de 2021, qui représente la troisième mise à jour des travaux de la CCE en matière de cartographie des habitats de carbone bleu, constituait une priorité du projet intitulé Renforcement de la capacité d’adaptation des aires marines protégées, entrepris dans le cadre du Plan opérationnel pour 2019 et 2020. Bien qu’au moment de sa publication cette version présente l’illustration la plus complète qui soit de la répartition spatiale du carbone bleu en Amérique du Nord, de nombreux habitats d’herbiers marins et de marais salés ne sont pas encore cartographiés. Des travaux à cette fin sont en cours, et plusieurs mises à jour sont en instance de publication. La documentation ci jointe sur les métadonnées donne de plus amples détails au sujet des sources de données susmentionnées."
The Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) is an international organization created by Canada, Mexico, and the United States of America under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), which came into force at the same time as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The CEC was established to address regional environmental concerns, help prevent potential trade and environmental conflicts, and to promote the effective enforcement of environmental law. As of 2020, the CEC operates in accordance with the Environmental Cooperation Agreement, which entered into force at the same time as the CUSMA/T-MEC/USMCA trade agreement. This dataset was created as part of a collaborative effort between the Mexican Carbon Program that conducted an exhaustive search for data updates or new datasets available, as well as coordinate three national workshops with Blue Carbon experts from Canada, the United States and Mexico to retrieve feedback on the best practices to map Blue Carbon ecosystems across North America; and the Commission for Environmental Cooperation that conducted the review and evaluation of the datasets collected, as well as the map integration process and cartographic refinement. The goal of this dataset is to serve as a geospatial tool to estimate Blue Carbon Sink potential of North America in ecosystems such as Seagrasses, as well as provide a standardized and publicly available input dataset for various Carbon Budget analyses. The extent of Seagrasses in North America was estimated by combining datasets from different sources using different methods. These include global and national datasets that were generated from remote sensed imagery. The current dataset serves as an updated of the previously North American Seagrass distribution map published by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation in 2016. North America’s Blue Carbon: Assessing Seagrass, Salt Marsh and Mangrove Distribution and Carbon Sinks (http://www3.cec.org/islandora/en/item/11664-north-america-s-blue- carbon-assessing-seagrass-salt-marsh-and-mangrove-en.pdf) A more detailed description of all the datasets used, as well as the preprocess performed to extract Seagrasses information is available in the accompanying document “Blue Carbon Map sources data notes 2021.pdf” Information related to the Blue Carbon legacy maps produced by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation can be found in the following reports: 1) CEC. 2014. North America’s Blue Carbon: Assessing Seagrass, Salt Marsh and Mangrove Carbon Sinks A Final Report. Montreal, Canada: Commission for Environmental Cooperation. 219 pp 2) CEC. 2017. Blue Carbon Seagrass Mapping in Canada and The United States: British Columbia Washington and Oregon, Developing an Algorithm and Quantifying Eelgrass Extent A Final Report. Montreal, Canada: Commission for Environmental Cooperation. 82 pp This data set is available in several formats, including Shapefile, Map package, and a PDF Map, along with other files appropriate to particular format, such as .lyrx and .qlr files.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC). 2021. “North American Environmental Atlas - Blue Carbon (Seagrass)”. Ed. 2.0, Vector digital data [1:10,000,000].
This dataset includes seagrass distribution for all of North America
This material is licensed under CC BY 4.0, allowing non-exclusive rights to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, so long as attribution is given to the creator.
This material is licensed under CC BY 4.0, allowing non-exclusive rights to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, so long as attribution is given to the creator.
The international, national, and local datasets used in this analysis have known data gaps. In this dataset, the most updated Seagrass locations datasets to our knowledge have been used. Future updates are envisioned as new data is available and new data providers offer spatial information over areas omitted in the current map.
Attributes and values were reviewed manually. No additional tests for attribute accuracy were performed on this data set.
No tests for logical consistency have been performed on this data set.
The North American Blue Carbon map shows the distribution of salt marsh, mangrove, and seagrass habitats in North America. Data were compiled from approximately 50 source datasets, including international (UNEP-WCMC), national (CONABIO, US Geological Survey and the US National Wetlands Inventory), as well as state and provincial sources and information from individual investigators. This 2021 release represents the third update to the CEC’s mapping of blue carbon habitats and was a priority within the Strengthening Adaptation Capacity in Marine Protected Areas project under the CEC’s 2019–2020 Operational Plan. Although this release presents the most comprehensive picture of North American blue carbon spatial distribution at the time of publication, many seagrass and salt marsh habitats have yet to be mapped and efforts to do so are ongoing, with several pending updates underway. The extent of Seagrasses in North America was estimated by combining datasets from different sources using different methods. These include global, national, and local datasets that were generated from ground surveys, and remote sensed imagery. The current dataset serves as an updated of the previously North American Seagrass distribution map published by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation in 2016. * Datasets used in the North American 2021 Seagrass Distribution Map. A more detailed description of all the datasets used, as well as the preprocess performed to extract Seagrass information is available in the accompanying document “Blue Carbon Map sources data notes 2021.pdf”
Preprocesses conducted with the Seagrasses datasets were performed between December 2020 and March 2021. NOTE: A more complete and detailed report of the North America 2021 Seagrass Distribution map is available in the accompanying report “NA Seagrass Cartographic Integration Process.pdf”
Global Distribution of Seagrasses A “selection by attributes process” was performed to isolate all seagrasses points corresponding to Canada, the United States and Mexico territories. All points located in the USA territories over the Pacific Ocean as well as Puerto Rico were deselected. A final seagrass layer was exported from the remaining points selection.
Canada Eelgrass Locations 2 Data from the input dataset were converted to a point spatial layer based on the coordinates reported for each record. Records not reporting species name were omitted and the rest of the records were exported to a new point spatial layer.
BC Howe Sound Eelgrass locations The original data is available in a geodatabase that contains different polygon layers and a point layer with locations of presence of seagrasses. The layer with seagrass distribution and a layer that merges all of them. The layer “Eelgrass_HoweSound_Fieldwork2019_coordinates_WM” was selected and exported to a new points spatial layer.
National Greenhouse Gasses Inventory The coastal carbon dataset was converted from an excel spreadsheet to a point shapefile based on Latitude and Latitude values per record, the references coordinate system assigned was WGS84. Seagrass records were selected by “select by attributes” tool. A few points possibly incorrectly georeferenced over the ocean and further inland were deleted manually to keep only the records along the coast of the United States.
Pacific Northwest seagrass locations Seagrass sample locations were selected and georeferenced into a point spatial layer.
North Pacific coast seagrass locations The original dataset was georeferenced and converted into spatial points by the Mexican Carbon Program. This dataset provides a set of points that describe locations of seagrasses and saltmarshes in the North Pacific coast of the United States. Seagrass points were selected and exported to a new spatial layer.
Washington coast seagrass locations All points classified as different than “no_grass” or “no_data” class in the “site_pt” layer within the source geoDataset were selected and exported to a new points spatial layer.
Pastos marinos en la Península de Yucatán All class names reported as species abbreviations were described as complete species name in a new field. According to information reported by the author of this dataset, the “Year of origin” attribute was defined on a new attribute field.
Cartographic Integration Process: Step 01 All the layers previously prepared and preprocessed were merged in a new spatial layer. > BC_HoweSound_seagrass_locations_laea_final.shp > Canada_eelgrass_locations_laea_final.shp > Canada_eelgrass_locations_2_laea_final.shp > NewBrunswick_seagrass_locations_laea_final.shp > NGGI_united_states_seagrass_laea_final.shp > North_Pacific_coast_seagrass_final.shp > NovaScotia_seagrass_locations_laea_final.shp > Pacific_Northwest_seagrass_locations_laea_final.shp > PEI_seagrass_locations_laea_final.shp > Washington_coast_seagrass_locations_laea_final.shp > WCMC_NorthAmerica_seagrasses_point_laea_final.shp > Mex_conabio_seagrass_laea_final.shp Output = NorthAmerica_seagrasses_points_dissolve.shp Step 02 All records in the attribute table fields were standardized, different feature names with different codes or abbreviations to indicate species or seagrass distribution characteristics were homogenized in a standard code names, common names were included in most of the records, accompanying the scientific name descriptions when available. Step 03 After a final check of attribute table consistency and data display on different GIS platforms, a spatial data file in ESRI “shp” format is generated to provide the final CEC North America seagrasses distribution map.
This dataset shows the global distribution of seagrasses and is composed of two subsets of point and polygon occurrence data. The data were compiled by UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre in collaboration with many collaborators (e.g., Frederick Short of the University of New Hampshire), organisations (e.g. OSPAR), and projects (e.g. the European project Mediterranean Sensitive Habitats “Mediseh”), across the globe (full list available in accompanying metadata table within the dataset). > Preprocessing The original data set was acquired from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) that integrates two vector layers: polygons and points. A “selection by attributes process” was performed to isolate all seagrasses point-information corresponding to Canada, the United States and Mexico territories. All points located in the USA territories in the Pacific Ocean as well as Puerto Rico were deselected. A final seagrass layer was exported from the remaining points selection.
Citation: UNEP-WCMC, Short FT (2020). Global distribution of seagrasses (version 7.0). Seventh update to the data layer used in Green and Short (2003), Cambridge (UK): UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Source metadata: https://data.unep- wcmc.org/pdfs/7/WCMC_013_014_Global_Distribution_of_Seagrasses.pdf?1617122071
Global
There is no national monitoring program for eelgrass. Scientists, managers and local communities collect data in different ways for different purposes. The presence of eelgrass can be detected using satellite images and aerial photos, however, for the information compiled to date most of the observations were obtained from field studies. All Canadian eelgrass sites reported by data holders or found in the scientific literature were included in this indicator. When more than one series of observations existed for the same site, the most recent assessments were used. Site observations may be single observations or include information on multiple observations over time. Eelgrass sites are studied using different methods for different purposes. The indicator reflects the state of knowledge as of March 2020. > Preprocessing No preprocessing was needed for this dataset.
Citation: Environment and Climate Change Canada (2020). Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: Eelgrass in Canada. Year of Origin: 1969 - 2019 Source metadata: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/environmental- indicators/eelgrass-canada.html
Regional
Dataset containing georeferenced eelgrass samples held by different herbarium collections across Canada. > Preprocessing Data from the input dataset were converted to a point spatial layer based on the coordinates reported for each record. Records not reporting species name were omitted and the rest of the records were exported to a new point spatial layer.
Year of Origin: 1882 - 2013 Dataset provided by Matt Christensen, University of British Columbia (mattch85@gmail.com)
Contact Person: Matt Christensen (University of British Columbia)
Regional
The Howe Sound/Atl’ka7tsem Marine Reference Guide (“the Guide”) is a collaborative and community-led initiative whose goal is to build capacity to protect the human and natural values associated with Howe Sound/Atl’ka7tsem’s marine environment in the face of growing anthropogenic pressures. Atl’ka7tsem is the Squamish Nation place name for this region, which sits within their traditional and unceded territory. The Guide is a project on Tides Canada’s shared platform. To achieve its objective, the Guide is creating decision-support tools that effectively arm local decision-makers and community groups with robust data and holistic information about the region’s marine realm. One such tool is an online interactive map and database that will include hundreds of data layers about the Sound’s marine ecology, human activities, and vulnerability to anthropogenic pressures (e.g. climate change). This map will visualize areas of multi-use and potential conflict, and provide valuable baseline data at a regional scale. In July 2019, staff from the Guide co-presented with Moonstone Enterprises to the Town of Gibsons’ mayor and council about the status of eelgrass restoration and monitoring in the Sound, and announced that the Guide would survey the Sound’s mainland eelgrass in the fall of 2019. Given the interest of the Town of Gibsons (“the Town”) in updating their foreshore eelgrass distribution maps (which had previously been surveyed in 2004 and 2013 by Dianne Sanford, sole proprietor of Moonstone Enterprises), councilors requested that the Guide survey the Town’s recreational water lease using the same methodology. These data will support the Town’s capacity to protect critical nearshore ecosystems in the face of growing pressures facing this region. > Preprocessing The original data is available in a geodatabase that contains different polygon layers and a point layer with locations of presence of seagrasses. The layer with seagrass distribution and a layer that merges all of them. The layer “Eelgrass_HoweSound_Fieldwork2019_coordinates_WM” was selected and exported to a new points spatial layer.
Citation: Beaty, F., Sanford, D. (2019). Town of Gibsons and Howe Sound / Atl’ka7tsem Eelgrass Survey Report Dataset provided by Matt Christensen, University of British Columbia (mattch85@gmail.com) Source metadata: https://howesoundguide.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Eelgrass-survey- report_MRG_final.pdf
Contact Person: Matt Christensen (University of British Columbia)
Regional
New Brunswick seagrass locations based on a published report by Hanson, A.R. Distribution of Eelgrass in the Maritime Provinces provided by Dr. Fred T. Short. > Preprocessing No preprocessing was needed for this dataset.
Citation: Hanson, A. and Calkins, L. 1996. Wetlands of the Maritime Provinces: Revised Documentation for the Wetlands Inventory. CWS Technical Report No. 267. Canadian Wildlife Service - Environment Canada. Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada. 67 pp. Year of Origin: 1980- 1985 Dataset provided by Frederick T. Short (fredtshort@gmail.com) Source metadata: http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2018/eccc/cw69-5/CW69-5-267-eng.pdf
Contact Person: Frederick Short
Regional
Prince Edward Island seagrass locations based on a published report by Hanson, A.R. Distribution of Eelgrass in the Maritime Provinces provided by Dr. Fred T. Short. > Preprocessing No preprocessing was needed for this dataset.
Citation: Hanson, A. and Calkins, L. 1996. Wetlands of the Maritime Provinces: Revised Documentation for the Wetlands Inventory. CWS Technical Report No. 267. Canadian Wildlife Service - Environment Canada. Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada. 67 pp. Dataset provided by Frederick T. Short (fredtshort@gmail.com) Source metadata: http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2018/eccc/cw69-5/CW69-5-267-eng.pdf
Contact Person: Frederick Short
Regional
Nova Scotia seagrass locations based on a published report by Hanson, A.R. Distribution of Eelgrass in the Maritime Provinces provided by Dr. Fred T. Short. > Preprocessing No preprocessing was needed for this dataset.
Citation: Hanson, A. and Calkins, L. (1996). Wetlands of the Maritime Provinces: Revised Documentation for the Wetlands Inventory. CWS Technical Report No. 267. Canadian Wildlife Service - Environment Canada. Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada. 67 pp. Year of Origin: 1974-1978 Dataset provided by Frederick T. Short (fredtshort@gmail.com) Source metadata: http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2018/eccc/cw69-5/CW69-5-267-eng.pdf
Contact Person: Frederick Short
Regional
The EPA develops an annual Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks that tracks total U.S. emissions and removals by sector, source-sink category, and greenhouse gas. The inventory process follows IPCC Guidance and UNFCCC reporting requirements. In an effort to incorporate the IPCC Wetlands Guidance into the U.S. GHG Inventory, NOAA funded a baseline assessment of U. S. coastal carbon resources, that was incorporated into the 2016 submission of the U.S. National GHG inventory (NGGI). The goal this project was to anticipate the need for improved data management for future revisions of the NGGI, and specifically to convert the spreadsheet data used for the 2016 NGGI to a format that is more sustainable for data entry, flexible for data analysis, and less error prone. The points sampled in this dataset also describe ecosystem types such as Mangroves, Seagrasses and Saltmarshes. > Preprocessing The coastal carbon dataset was converted from an excel spreadsheet to a point shapefile based on Latitude and Latitude values per each record, the references coordinate system assigned was WGS84. Seagrass records were selected by “select by attributes” tool. A few points possibly incorrectly georeferenced over the ocean and further inland were deleted manually to keep only the records along the coast of the United States.
Citation: EPA (2017) U.S. Greenhouse Gasses Inventory Source metadata: https://github.com/Smithsonian/Coastal-Wetland-NGGI-Data-Public/raw/master/5- Report/Report%20on%202017%20NGGI%20Update.pdf
United States
Information about the sequestration rates and sources of carbon to local sediments remains sparse. Estimates of sediment OC stocks and sequestration rates from 139 cores collected from temperate seagrass (Zostera marina) meadows in Alaska, British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. > Preprocessing Seagrass sample location were elected and georeferenced into a point spatial layer.
Citation: Prentice, C., Poppe, K. L., Lutz, M., Murray, E., Stephens, T. A., Spooner, A., & Short, F. T. (2020). A synthesis of blue carbon stocks, sources, and accumulation rates in eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows in the Northeast Pacific. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 34(2). Year of Origin: 2015-2019 Source metadata: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019GB006345
Contact Person: Carolyn Prentice
Regional
Dataset derived from Kauffman, J. Boone, et al. Total ecosystem carbon stocks at the marine‐ terrestrial interface: Blue carbon of the Pacific Northwest Coast, United States. Global Change Biology 26.10 (2020): 5679-5692. > Preprocessing The original dataset was georeferenced and converted into spatial points by the Mexican Carbon Program. This dataset provides a set of points that describe locations of seagrasses and saltmarshes in the North Pacific coast of the United States. Seagrass points where selected and exported to a new spatial layer.
Citation: Kauffman, J. et al. (2020). Blue carbon of the Pacific Northwest Coast, United States. Global Change Biology 26, 10, 5679-5692. Dataset provided by Craig Cornu (cecornu@gmail.com) Source metadata: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.15248
Contact Person: J. Boone Kauffman
Regional
The Submerged Vegetation Monitoring Program (SVMP) has conducted annual monitoring of the status and trends of native seagrass in greater Puget Sound since 2000. The native seagrasses monitored include the dominant eelgrass (Zostera marina) as well as the less abundant surfgrass (Phyllospadix scouleri and P. serrulatus). This geoDataset is the central component of the 2000-2019 Puget Sound eelgrass monitoring dataset. This dataset is produced by the Submerged Vegetation Monitoring Program (SVMP) within the Washington Department of Natural Resources. The site_pt layer includes a point for every site in the sampling frames (flats and fringe) in use since 2001, the fringe orphans, and the sites outside the SVMP study area in south Puget Sound. In addition, there are points for three sites from the site_poly_special layer that do not coincide with the SVMP sampling frames (outf455, outf457, outf458). These three additional sites have been sampled but the surrounding SVMP sites have not been sampled. Points were not included for sites outside the SVMP frames where the surrounding SVMP sites have been sampled. > Preprocessing All points classified as different than “no_grass” or “no_data” class in the “site_pt” layer within the source geoDataset were selected and exported to a new points spatial layer.
Citation: WA-DNR, (2020). Submerged Vegetation Monitoring Program 2000-2019 Database, Washington Department of Natural Resources, Aquatic Resources Division, Olympia, WA, USA. Year of Origin: 2015-2019 Source metadata: https://fortress.wa.gov/dnr/adminsa/gisdata/datadownload/SVMP_distribution.zip
Regional
Geographic coordinates of sea grasses visual observations at various locations in the states of Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo. > Preprocessing All class names reported as species abbreviations were described as complete species name in a new field. According to information reported by the author of this dataset, the “Year of origin” attribute was defined on a new attribute field.
Citation: Pérez-Espinosa, I & Gallegos-Martínez, M., (2021). Pastos marinos en la Península de Yucatán. National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO) - UAM-I Year of Origin: 2013-2018
Contact Person: Iliana Pérez
Regional
Vector points representing Seagrass locations in North America.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
Internal feature number.
Esri
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Feature geometry.
Esri
Coordinates defining the features.
Country where the Seagrass polygon is located.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
State or province code defining the location of each seagrass polygon (two letters country code + two letters state/province code).
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
Name of the features described by each polygon, as reported by the source of each dataset.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
> Caribbean Seagrass (Halophila decipiens) > Clover Grass (Halophila baillonis) > Dwarf Eelgrass (Zostera japonica) > Eelgrass (Zostera marina) > Eelgrass (Zostera marina) - Dwarf Eelgrass (Zostera japonica) > Eelgrass (Zostera marina) - Surfgrass (Phyllospadix) > Johnson's Seagrass (Halophila johnsonii) > Manatee Grass (Syringodium filiforme) > Not Reported > Scouler's Surfgrass (Phyllospadix scouleri) > Seagrass > Seagrass (Historical observation) > Seagrass (Multiple observations) > Seagrass (Restored) > Seagrass (Single observation) > Seagrass (Zostera) > Shoal Grass (Halodule wrightii) > Star Grass (Halophila engelmannii) > Surfgrass (Phyllospadix) > Toothed Surfgrass (Phyllospadix serrulatus) > Torrey's Surfgrass (Phyllospadix torreyi) > Turtle Grass (Thalassia testudinum) > Turtle Grass (Thalassia testudinum) - Manatee Grass (Syringodium Filiforme) - Shoal Grass (Halodule wrightii) > Turtle Grass (Thalassia testudinum) - Manatee Grass (Syringodium Filiforme) - Shoal Grass (Halodule wrightii) - Macroalgae > Zostera asiatica
Description of the original dataset used to acquire each polygon.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
> Acadia University > Compiled by Matt Christensen (University of British Columbia) > Environment and Climate Change Canada > Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) > Frederick T. Short (University of New Hampshire) > Gouvernement du Québec > Kauffman, J. B. et al., 2020 > National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO) - UAM-I > Prentice, C. et al., 2020 > UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) > Université Laval > University of British Columbia > Washington State Department of Natural Resources Submerged Vegetation Monitoring Program
Year of the publication of the last update of the dataset used as input.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
Name of the entity responsible on providing each dataset.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
> CAN: E. C. Smith Herbarium (ACAD) - Cape Breton University Collection > CAN: Environment and Climate Change Canada > CAN: Herbier du Québec - Collection de plantes vasculaires > CAN: Herbier Louis-Marie - Collection de plantes vasculaires > CAN: Howe Sound/Átl’ḵa7tsem Marine Reference Guide > CAN: University of British Columbia > CAN: University of British Columbia Herbarium - Vascular Plant Collection > Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia > Frederick T. Short (University of New Hampshire) > Herrera-Silveira, Jorge (CINVESTAV-IPN, Merida) > Hoffman, B. > Iliana Pérez Espinosa and Margarita Gallegos Martínez > International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) - UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) > Kauffman, J. B. et al., 2020 > MEX: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) > MEX: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) > Morris, L. J. et al., 2000 > Not Reported > Phillips, R. C., 1992 > Prentice, C. et al., 2020 > Raz-Guzmán, Andrea (Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia, México) > UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) > United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) > United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - World Heritage Centre (WHC) > USA: Boston University Marine Program > USA: Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) > USA: Coastal Resources Associates, Inc. > USA: Deparmtent of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University > USA: Department of Biology, Blakely Island Field Station, Seattle Pacific University > USA: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) > USA: Florida Department of Environmental Protection > USA: Florida International University > USA: Florida Keys Land and Sea Trust > USA: Moss Landing Marine Laboratories > USA: San Diego State University > USA: Seagrass Ecosystems Research Lab > USA: Seagrass Recovery, Inc. > USA: Seattle Pacific University > USA: Smithsonian > USA: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute > USA: The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands > USA: United States Geological Survey (USGS) > USA: University of Alaska, Fairbanks > USA: University of California Press > USA: University of Miami - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science > USA: University of New Hampshire > USA: University of Texas - Pan American > USA: Virginia Institute of Marine Science, School of Marine Science > USA: Washington State Department of Natural Resources Submerged Vegetation Monitoring Program > World Bank
Year of origin of data reported by the source of each dataset (this can be year when data was taken or when the data was originally published by the source).
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
> 1882 > 1912 > 1913 > 1914 > 1915 > 1925 > 1939 > 1940 > 1948 > 1951 > 1952 > 1955 > 1956 > 1957 > 1958 > 1960 > 1964 > 1965 > 1967 > 1968 > 1969 > 1970 > 1971 > 1972 > 1973 > 1974 > 1974-1978 > 1975 > 1976 > 1977 > 1978 > 1979 > 1980 > 1980-1985 > 1981 > 1982 > 1983 > 1984 > 1986 > 1987 > 1988 > 1989 > 1990 > 1991 > 1992 > 1993 > 1994 > 1995 > 1996 > 1997 > 1998 > 1999 > 2000 > 2000-2019 > 2001 > 2002 > 2003 > 2004 > 2005 > 2006 > 2007 > 2008 > 2009 > 2010 > 2011 > 2012 > 2013 > 2013-2017 > 2013, 2016, 2018 > 2013, 2018 > 2014 > 2015 > 2015-2019 > 2015, 2016 > 2016 > 2016-2017 > 2016, 2018 > 2017 > 2018 > 2019 > 2020 > Not Reported
Reported method of data acquisition as reported by the source of each dataset.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
> Field Survey > Not Reported > Plant Collection > Remote Sensing > Remote Sensing, Field Survey
General description of the source dataset used to derive each polygon.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
> [MyFlorida.com] > [Personal communication reported by UNEP-WCMC] > A manipulative experiment demonstrates that blooms of the macroalga (Ulvaria obscura) can reduce eelgrass shoot density > A preliminary look at effects of the Exxon Valdez oil spill on Green Island Research Natural Area > AMEC Earth and Environmental (2007) Northumberland Strait Ecosystem Overview Report, Moncton, New Brunswick (File No. TE61035). Submitted to: Fisheries and Oceans Canada > Applied Geomatics Research Group, Nova Scotia Community College > Assessment of environmental suitability for growth of Zostera marina Eelgrass in San Francisco Bay, California, USA > Baldwin J. R. & Lovvorn J.R. (1991) Expansion of seagrass habitat by the exotic Zostera japonica, and its use by dabbling ducks and brant in Boundary Bay, British Columbia. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 103: 119-127 > Bélisle, Mathieu (2016) Cartographie de la zostère marine au Parc national du Canada Kouchibouguac, Nouveau-Brunswick, à l’aide d’imagerie satellitaire à haute résolution, WorldView-2 > Bélisle, Mathieu (2019) Cartographie de la zostère marine au Park national du Canada Terra Nova, Terre-Neuve, à l'aide d'imagerie WorldView-2, Rapport de cartographie. > British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis Project Team (2011) Marine Atlas of Pacific Canada: A Product of the British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis > Chapman A. & Smith J. (2004) Quantifying the rapid decline of eelgrass beds on the eastern shore of Nova Scotia between 1992 and 2002. In: Hanson A.R. (Ed.) Status and conservation of eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Eastern Canada > Chesapeake Bay USA: An unprecedented decline in submerged aquatic vegetation > Collins, K. et al., (2016) Topo-Bathymetric Lidar and Photographic Survey of Various Bays located in NB, NS, and PEI. Technical report, Applied Geomatics Research Group, NSCC Middleton, NS > Consortium Genivar-Waska (2017) Centrales de l’Eastmain-1-A et de la Sarcelle et dérivation Rupert. Suivi de la zostère marine de la côte nord-est de la baie James. Rapport d’étude 2014. Rapport du Consortium GENIVAR-Waska pour Hydro-Québec > Cowichan First Nation, SeaChange Maine Conservation Society > Cullain N. et al., (2018) Correction to: Spatial variation of macroinfaunal communities associated with Zostera marina beds across three biogeographicr regions in Atlantic Canada. Estuaries and Coasts 41: 1522-1523 > Cullain N. et al., (2018) Potential impacts of finfish aquaculture on eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds and possible monitoring metrics for management: a case study in Atlantic Canada. PeerJ 6:e5630 > Cullain N. et al., (2018) Spatial variation of macroinfaunal communities associated with Zostera marina beds across three biogeographic regions in Atlantic Canada. Estuaries and Coasts 41: 1381-1396 > Cullis-Suzuki S. et al., (2015) Tending the meadows of the sea: A disturbance experiment based on traditional indigenous harvesting of Zostera marina L. > Dataset derived from Kauffman, J. et al. 2020 > Durance, C. (2013) Project comissioned by the Port Metro Vancouver > Durance, C. (2017) Unpublished report > Durance, C. (2018) Project comissioned by the Port Metro Vancouver > Durance, C. (2018) Unpublished report > Durance, C. (2019) A summary of eelgrass (Zostera marina) transplants completed by Precision Identification between 1994 and 2019. Unpublished data > Durance: Various unpublished reports > Ecology of eelgrass meadows in the Pacific Northwest: a community profile > Ecology of Eelgrass Zostera marina, transplants in Izembek Lagoon, Alaska > Ecosystem characteristics and research and management needs in the Florida Big Bend > Environment and Climate Change Canada (2018) Canadian Wildlife Service > Epibiotic protozoa (Ciliophora) on a community of Thalassia testudinium Banks ex Konig in a coral reef in Veracruz, Mexico > Eutrophication of Buttermilk Bay, a Cape Cod coastal embayment: concentrations of nutrients and watershed nutrient budgets > Everglades National Park > Evidence of interaction between the seagrasses (Zostera marina and Zostera japonica) on the Pacific coast of Canada > Fisheries and Oceans Canada (2009) Does eelgrass (Zostera marina) meet the criteria as an ecologically significant species? DFO Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Science Advisory Report 2009/018 > Friends of Boundary Bay > Garbary D. & Munro J. (2004) Eelgrass decline: reality and causation. In: Hanson AR (Ed.) Status and conservation of eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Eastern Canada. Technical Report Series No. 412. Canadian Wildlife Service, Atlantic Region > Garbary, D. J. et al., (2014) Drastic decline of an extensive eelgrass bed in Nova Scotia due to the activity of the invasive green crab (Carcinus maenas). Marine Biology 161: 3-15 > Geographic coordinates of sea grasses visual observations at various locations in the states of Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo > Gotceitas, V. et al., (1996) Description and distribution of habitat types and juvenile Atlantic cod in the nearshore environment along the northeast coast of Newfoundland, Canada. Memorial University of Newfoundland. Final Report > Gotceitas, V. et al., (1997) Use of eelgrass beds (Zostera marina) by juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 54(6):1306-1319 > Grant C. & Provencher L. (2007) Caractérisation de l’habitat et de la faune des herbiers de Zostera marina (L.) de la péninsule de Manicouagan (Québec). Rapport technique Canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques. 2772 : VIII + 65 p > Gregory, R. S. et al., (1997) Temporal and spatial survey of the fish community and its distribution among nearshore habitat types in the marine environment in the vicinity of Terra Nova National Park > Gregory, R. S. et al., (2020) Strength of three cohorts (2016-18) of Atlantic cod, from nearshore surveys of demersal age 0 and 1 juveniles in Newman Sound > Gregory, Robert [Achived records] > Hakai Institute, 2018 (doi.org/10.21966/ezev-0v96) > Hastings, K. et al., (2014) Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas in the Atlantic Coastal Region of Nova Scotia. Canadian technical report of fisheries and aquatic sciences. 3107: XII + 174 p > Herrera-Silveira, Jorge (CINVESTAV-IPN, Merida) [Personal communication reported by UNEP-WCMC] > Howe Sound/Atl'ka7tsem Marine Reference Guide, Moonstone Enterprises Interpretation and Consulting (2019) Town of Gibsons and Howe Sound/Atl'ka7tsem Eelgrass Survey Report > Information about the sequestration rates and sources of carbon to local sediments remains sparse. Estimates of sediment OC stocks and sequestration rates from 139 cores collected from temperate seagrass (Zostera marina) meadows in AK, BC, WA, OR > Irradiance reduction: effects on standing crops of the Eelgrass (Zostera marina) in a coastal lagoon > Jacques Whitford Ltd. (2010) Technical Data Report. Marine Fish and Fish Habitat. Enbridge Northern Gateway Project > Laguna de Celestún, Yucatán, México > Le Breton, S. et al., (2013) Suivi des zosteraies et de la biodiversité des poissons à l'embouchure de la rivière Romaine et dans la baie des Sept Îles pour l'année 2012. Agence Mamu Innu Kaikusseth > Lemieux C. & Lalumière R. (1995) Répartition de la zostère marine (Zostera marina) dans l'estuaire du fleuve Saint-Laurent et dans la baie des Chaleurs (1994). Rapport présenté au Service canadien de la faune > Listados florísticos de México, XI. Reserva de la Biosfera el Vizcaino, Baja California Sur > Locke A. & Hanson J. M. (2004) Changes in eelgrass in southern Gulf of St. Lawrence estuaries. In: Hanson AR (Ed.) Status and conservation of eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Eastern Canada. Technical Report Series No. 412. Canadian Wildlife Service > Lotze, H. K. et al., (2003) Nutrient pollution: A eutrophication survey of eelgrass beds in estuaries and coastal bays in northern and eastern New Brunswick. Conservation Council of New Brunswick > Marine region 15: Northeast Pacific > Marine Region 7: Wider Caribbean > Martel, M-C. et al., (2009) Distribution and description of eelgrass beds in Québec. DFO Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat, Research Document, 2009/050. VIII + 37 p > Matheson, K. et al., (2016) Linking eelgrass decline and impacts on associated fish communities to European green crab Carcinus maenas invasion. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 548: 31 > McCarthy, C. (2013) Estuary Therapy. Advances in coastal restoration at Kejimkujik National Park Seaside. Marine Green Crab Summit > Monitoring seagrass changes in Indian River Lagoon, Florida using fixed transects > Nellis, P. et al., (2012) Monitoring of vegetation and fish in six eelgrass beds in Quebec (2005-2010). Canadian technical report of fisheries and aquatic sciences. 2985: IX+96 p > New Brunswick seagrass locations based on a published report by Hanson, A.R. Distribution of Eelgrass in the Maritime Provinces provided by Dr. Fred T. Short > Niles, M. et al., (2014) Bivalve aquaculture and eelgrass (Zostera marina) coverage on a bay-wide scale utilizing bathymetric lidar and aerial photography > Nomme K. M. & Harrison P. G. (1991) Evidence for interaction between the seagrasses Zostera marina and Zostera japonica on the Pacific coast of Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany. 69:2004-2010 > Norris, M. J. (1999) A multiscale analysis of juvenile cod (Gadus spp.) habitat association in a nearshore environment. BSc Honours Biology Thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland. St. John's. 52 p > Northeast Pacific Seagrass Summary > Not Reported > Nova Scotia seagrass locations based on a published report by Hanson, A.R. Distribution of Eelgrass in the Maritime Provinces provided by Dr. Fred T. Short > O'Neill, J. D. et al., (2011) Remote Sensing of Shallow Coastal Benthic Substrates: In situ Spectra and Mapping of Eelgrass (Zostera marina) in the Gulf Islands National Park Reserve of Canada. Remote Sensing. 3:975-1005 > Parks Canada (2014) Gulf Islands National Park Reserve. Eelgrass Monitoring (www.pc.gc.ca/en/pn-np/bc/gulf/nature/recherche-research/~/media/D00AFF340BFF49AA84FD1EC7FCF2DBAC.ashx) > Population variability of four sympatric penaeid shrimps (Farfantepenaeus spp.) in a tropical lagoon of Mexico > Preserved Specimen > Prince Edward Island seagrass locations based on a published report by Hanson, A.R. Distribution of Eelgrass in the Maritime Provinces provided by Dr. Fred T. Short > Productivity and biomass of Thalassia testudinum as related to water column nutrient availability and epiphyte levels, field observations and experimental studies > Productivity estimation in Halodule wrightii: comparison of leaf-clipping and leaf-marking techniques, and the importance of clip height > Project Watershed > Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México > Qalipu Mi’kmaq First Nation Band (2015) Spatial variation in the abundance of eelgrass (Zostera marina) at eight sites in western Newfoundland, Canada (http://qalipu.ca/qalipu/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Eelgrass-2014-2015.pdf) > Quantifying eelgrass habitat loss in relation to housing development and nitrogen loading in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts > Ramsar Sites Database Service > Rao, A. S. et al., (2014) Eelgrass (Zostera marina) locations in Newfoundland and Labrador. Canadian technical report of fisheries and aquatic sciences. 3113: VI + 19 p > Raz-Guzmán, Andrea (Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia, México) [Personal communication reported by UNEP-WCMC] > Reshitnyk, L. et al., (2014) Evaluation of WorldView-2 and acoustic remote sensing for mapping benthic habitats in temperate coastal Pacific waters. Remote Sensing of Environment. 153: 7-23 > Roberts Timothy (2017) Influence of environmental factors on eelgrass bed density and biomass across three bays in Atlantic Canada. Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada > Role of seagrasses and mangroves in estuarine food webs: temporal and spatial changes in stable isotope composition and amino acid content during decomposition > Royal BC museum specimen. V149588. Zostera marina L. Brayshaw, T.88-032. Collected on July 27, 1988 at Tofino (49.1083, -125.9) > Royal BC museum specimen. V170129. Zostera marina L. Jamison, J. (614) Collected on May 18, 1997 at Denman Island; Denman Point (49.5666, -124.8333) > Royal BC museum specimen. V171596. Zostera marina L. Lomer, F. & Grove, N. (97436) Collected on July 20, 1997 at Queen Charlotte City; Skidegate (53.25 -132.00) > Royal BC museum specimen. V178073. Zostera marina L. Ceska, A. (s.n.) Collected on October 23, 1969 at Sedgwick Bay; Lyell Island (52.6333, -131.5667) > Royal BC museum specimen. V180313. Zostera marina L. Ceska, A. & Mitchell, B. (001239). Collected on July 10, 1978 at Campbell River; White Rock (49.1666, -122.7833) > Royal BC museum specimen. V193499. Zostera marina L. Marr, K., Copley, C. & McNall, M. (KM6136) Collected on June 20, 2005 at Porcher Island (53.9458, -130.6819) > Royal BC museum specimen. V193758. Zostera marina L. Marr, K. & Hanke, G. (KM6270) Collected on June 21, 2005 at Larsen Island (53.6083, -130.575) > Royal BC museum specimen. V193759. Zostera marina L. Marr, K. & Lambert, P. (KM6271) Collected on June 22, 2005 at Banks Island (53.6072, -130.5353) > Royal BC museum specimen. V194076. Zostera marina L. Marr, K., Copley, C. & McNall, M. (KM6194) Collected on June 21, 2005 at Banks Island; Rawlinson Anchorage (53.5761, -130.5427) > Royal BC museum specimen. V199472. Zostera marina L. Jones, L. (s.n.) Collected on January 1, 1980 at Malksope River (50.1333, -127.4167) > Schmidt, A. L. et al., (2011) Ecosystem structure and services in eelgrass Zostera marina and rockweed Ascophyllum nodosum habitats. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 473: 51-68 > Schmidt, A. L. et al., (2012) Regional-scale effects of eutrophication on ecosystem structure and services of seagrass beds. Limnology and Oceanography. 57(5): 1389–1402 > Seagrass distribution in the Northern Gulf of Mexico > Seagrass Ecosystem Research Lab > Seagrass Recovery, Inc. > Seagrass Status and Trends Monitoring Data > Seagrasses > Seagrasses - National Status Report, Caribbean Region > Seagrasses - National Status Report, Central America > Seagrasses of the Northeast Pacific > Seymour, N. R., et al., (2002) Decline of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and common goldeneye (Bucephala clangula) associated with a collapse of eelgrass (Zostera marina) in a Nova Scotia estuary. Helgoland Marine Research 56: 198-202 > Sharp G. & Semple R. (2004) Status of eelgrass beds in south-western Nova Scotia. In: Hanson AR (Ed.) Status and conservation of eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Eastern Canada. Technical Report Series No. 412. Canadian Wildlife Service, Atlantic Region > Sian Ka'an > Southern Gulf of St-Lawrence Coalition on Sustainability (nd) Executive Summary: Atlantic Eelgrass Monitoring Consortium (Atl-EMC) > Speller R. & Harper J. R. (2003) The distribution of eelgrass in Okeover and Malaspina Inlets. Coastal and Oceans Resources, Inc. Here’s your list with consistent formatting (added a tab + space after the `>` marker, and fixed the Vandermeulen entry so it stays inline instead of breaking awkwardly): > Standing stocks and other features of Eelgrass (Zostera marina) populations on the coast of Alaska > The autecology and production dynamics of Eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Netart's Bay, Oregon > The distribution of nearshore fishes in kelp and eelgrass communities in Prince William Sound, Alaska: associations with vegetation and physical habitat characteristics > The Howe Sound/Atl’ka7tsem Marine Reference Guide is a collaborative and community-led initiative whose goal is to build capacity to protect the human and natural values associated with Howe Sound/Atl’ka7tsem’s marine environment > The MAB Programme > The seagrass ecosystem and resources in Latin America > The Seagrasses of The Gulf of Mexico > The Seagrasses of the Pacific Coast of North America > The Seagrasses of The Western North Atlantic > The World Database on Protected Areas > Top-down impact through a bottom-up mechanism. In situ effects of limpet grazing on growth, light requirements and survival of the Eelgrass (Zostera marina) > Trophic structure related to seagrass habitat complexity > Vandermeulen, H. (2013) Mapping Eelgrass (Zostera marina) with a novel towfish: Richibucto and Shippagan, New Brunswick. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 3064: V + 19 p > Variation in ecological parameters of Thalassia testudinum across the CARICOMP network > Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino > Wong, M. C. (2018) Secondary production of macrobenthic communities in seagrass (Zostera marina, Eelgrass) beds and bare soft sediments across differing environmental conditions in Atlantic Canada. Estuaries and Coasts. 41:536-548 > Yakimishyn, J. (2018) Parks Canada > Yakimishyn, J. (2019) Parks Canada
Full citation of the used data source. Modified APA 7th citation style to fit in a maximum of 254 characters.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
> Aladro-Lubel, M. A. & Martinez-Marillo, M. E. (1999) 'Epibiotic protozoa (Ciliophora) on a community of Thalassia testudinium Banks ex Konig in a coral reef in Veracruz, Mexico', 239-254 > Backman, T. W. & Barilotti, D. C. (1976) 'Irradiance reduction: effects on standing crops of the eelgrass Zostera marina in a coastal lagoon', 33-40 > Beaty, F. & Sanford, D. (2019) 'Town of Gibsons and Howe Sound / Atl’ka7tsem Eelgrass Survey Report' > Brouns, J. J. W. M. (1982) 'Seagrass Ecosystem Research Lab' \[Seagrass Research Page at Florida International University] > Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands (2003) 'Ramsar Sites Database Service' \[Retrieved from [https://rsis.ramsar.org](https://rsis.ramsar.org)] > CARICOMP (1996) 'Variation in ecological parameters of Thalassia testudinum across the CARICOMP network', 663-668 > Coastal Change Analysis Program (1995) 'Northeast Pacific Seagrass Summary' > Croom, M. et al. (1995) 'Marine region 15: Northeast Pacific' In: Kelleher, G. et al. (Eds.) A Global Representative System of Marine Protected Areas. Vol. 4. South Pacific, Northeast Pacific, Northwest Pacific > Data provided by Matt Christensen (University of British Columbia) > Dean, T. A. et al. (2000) 'The distribution of nearshore fishes in kelp and eelgrass communities in Prince William Sound, Alaska: associations with vegetation and physical habitat characteristics', 271-287 > Environment and Climate Change Canada (2020) 'Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: Eelgrass in Canada' > EPA (2017) 'U.S. Greenhouse Gases Inventory' > Florida Department of Environmental Protection (2000) 'MyFlorida.com - The Official Portal of the State of Florida' \[Retrieved April 30, 2020, from [http://www.myflorida.com/](http://www.myflorida.com/)] > Guzmán, A. (2001) \[Personal communication] > Handley, L. R. (2001) 'Seagrass distribution in the Northern Gulf of Mexico' > Hanson, A. & Calkins, L. (1996) 'Wetlands of the Maritime Provinces: Revised Documentation for the Wetlands Inventory'. CWS Technical Report No. 267. Canadian Wildlife Service-Environment Canada. Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, 67 pp > Herrera-Silveira, J. A. (2001) \[Personal communication reported by UNEP-WCMC] > Herrera-Silveira, J. A. & Ramírez-Ramírez, J. (1998) 'Laguna de Celestún, Yucatán, México', 43-55 > Hoffman, B. (2001) \[Personal communication reported by UNEP-WCMC] > IUCN & UNEP-WCMC (2003) 'The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)'. Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC \[Available at: [www.protectedplanet.net](http://www.protectedplanet.net)] > Juday, G. P. & Foster, N. R. (1990) 'A preliminary look at effects of the Exxon Valdez oil spill on Green Island Research Natural Area'. Agroborealis-Alaska Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, University of Alaska-Fairbanks (USA) > Kauffman, J. et al. (2020) 'Blue carbon of the Pacific Northwest Coast, United States'. Global Change Biology 26(10): 5679-5692 > Kentula, M. E. & McIntire, C. D. (1986) 'The autecology and production dynamics of eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Netart's Bay, Oregon'. Estuaries 9: 188 \[doi:10.2307/1352130] > Kowalski, J. L., DeYoe, H. R., Allison, T. C. & Kaldy, J. E. (2001) 'Productivity estimation in Halodule wrightii: comparison of leaf-clipping and leaf-marking techniques, and the importance of clip height'. Marine Ecology Progress Series 220: 131-136 > Luz, J. L. L. de la, et al. (1995) 'Listados florísticos de México XI. Reserva de la Biosfera El Vizcaíno, Baja California Sur', 20 > Mattson, R. A. (1999) 'Seagrass ecosystem characteristics and research and management needs in the Florida Big Bend'. In: Bortone, S. A. (Ed.) Seagrasses: monitoring, ecology, physiology, and management. CRC Marine Science Series, Boca Raton, FL, 259-277 > McRoy, C. P. (1970) 'Standing stocks and other features of eelgrass (Zostera marina) populations on the coast of Alaska'. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 27(10): 1811-1821 \[doi: 10.1139/f70-199] > Morris, L. J. et al. (2000) 'Monitoring seagrass changes in Indian River Lagoon, Florida using fixed transects', 167-176 > Nelson, T. A. & Lee, A. (2001) 'A manipulative experiment demonstrates that blooms of the macroalga (Ulvaria obscura) can reduce eelgrass shoot density', 149-154 > Nomme, K. M. & Harrison, P. G. (1991) 'Evidence of interaction between the seagrasses (Zostera marina and Zostera japonica) on the Pacific coast of Canada 2004-2010' > Onuf, C. et al. (2003) 'The Seagrasses of The Gulf of Mexico'. In: Green, E. P. & Short, F. T. (Eds.) World Atlas of Seagrasses. Berkeley, California (USA): University of California Press > Orth, R. J. & Moore, K. A. (1983) 'Chesapeake Bay USA: an unprecedented decline in submerged aquatic vegetation', 51-53 > Pérez-Castañeda, R. & Defeo, O. (2001) 'Population variability of four sympatric penaeid shrimps (Farfantepenaeus spp.) in a tropical lagoon of Mexico', 631-641 > Pérez-Espinosa, I. & Gallegos-Martínez, M. (2021) 'Pastos marinos en la Península de Yucatán'. National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO) - UAM-I > Phillips, R. C. (1984) 'Ecology of Eelgrass Meadows in the Pacific Northwest: A Community Profile (No. FWS/OBS-84/24)'. Seattle Pacific Univ., WA (USA), School of Natural and Mathematical Sciences > Phillips, R. C. (1992) 'The seagrass ecosystem and resources in Latin America', 107-121 > Phillips, R. C. (1996) 'Ecology of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) transplants in Izembek Lagoon, Alaska'. In: Seagrass biology: Proceedings of an international workshop, Rottnest Island, Western Australia, 25-29 > Phillips, R. C. (2001) 'Seagrasses - national status report, Caribbean Region'. Draft paper submitted to the UNEP-WCMC Global Seagrass Workshop, St Pete's Beach, Florida, 5-9 November 2001 > Phillips, R. C. & Mehez, E. G. (1988) 'Seagrasses'. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Science 34: 1-110 > Prentice, C. et al. (2020) 'A Synthesis of Blue Carbon Stocks, Sources, and Accumulation Rates in Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Meadows in the Northeast Pacific'. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 34(2): 1-16 > Raz-Guzman, A. & Sánchez, A. J. (1996) 'Trophic structure related to seagrass habitat complexity'. In: Seagrass biology: Proceedings of an international seagrass workshop, Rottnest Island, Western Australia, 5-29. Perth, Australia: Western Australia Marine Science Institute > Ruiz-Rentería, F. et al. (1998) 'Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico'. In: Kjerfve, B. (Ed.) CARICOMP - Caribbean Coral Reef, Seagrass and Mangrove Sites: 57-66 > Seagrass Ecosystems Research Lab & Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (1999) 'Seagrass Status and Trends Monitoring Data' > Seagrass Recovery, Inc. > Short, F. T. & Burdick, D. M. (1996) 'Quantifying eelgrass habitat loss in relation to housing development and nitrogen loading in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts'. Estuaries 19(3): 730-739 \[doi: [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1352532](http://www.jstor.org/stable/1352532)] > Short, F. T. & Short, C. A. (2003) 'The Seagrasses of the Western North Atlantic'. In: Green, E. P. & Short, F. T. (Eds.) World Atlas of Seagrasses. Berkeley, California (USA): University of California Press > Stanley, S. (Ed.) (1995) 'Marine Region 7: Wider Caribbean', 13-41 > Tomasko, D. A. & Lapointe, B. E. (1991) 'Productivity and biomass of Thalassia testudinum as related to water column nutrient availability and epiphyte levels: field observations and experimental studies'. Marine Ecology Progress Series 75: 9-17 > UNEP-WCMC & Short, F. T. (2020) 'Global distribution of seagrasses (version 7.0). Seventh update to the data layer used in Green and Short (2003)'. Cambridge (UK): UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre > UNESCO (2000) 'Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme' \[[https://en.unesco.org/mab](https://en.unesco.org/mab)] > UNESCO World Heritage Centre (1979) 'Everglades National Park' \[[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/76](http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/76)] > UNESCO World Heritage Centre (1987) 'Sian Ka’an' \[[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/410](http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/410)] > UNESCO World Heritage Centre (1993) 'Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino' \[[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/554](http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/554)] > Unpublished > Valiela, I. & Costa, J. E. (1988) 'Eutrophication of Buttermilk Bay, a Cape Cod coastal embayment: Concentrations of nutrients and watershed nutrient budgets'. Environmental Management 12(4): 539-553 \[doi: 10.1007/BF01873266] > WA-DNR (2020) 'Submerged Vegetation Monitoring Program 2000-2019 Database'. Washington Department of Natural Resources, Aquatic Resources Division, Olympia, WA, USA > Wyllie-Echeverria, S. & Ackerman, J. D. (2003) 'The Seagrasses of the Pacific Coast of North America'. In: Green, E. P. & Short, F. T. (Eds.) World Atlas of Seagrasses. Berkeley, California (USA): University of California Press > Wyllie-Echeverria, S. & Phillips, R. C. (1994) 'Seagrasses of the Northeast Pacific'. In: Wyllie-Echeverria, S. et al. (Eds.) Seagrass Science and Policy in the Pacific Northwest, Proceedings of a Seminar Series (SMA 94-1). EPA 910/R-9 > Zieman, J. C. et al. (1984) 'Role of seagrasses and mangroves in estuarine food webs: temporal and spatial changes in stable isotope composition and amino acid content during decomposition'. Bulletin of Marine Science 35(3): 380-392 > Zimmerman, R. C. et al. (1991) 'Assessment of environmental suitability for growth of Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) in San Francisco Bay'. Aquatic Botany 39(3-4): 353-366 > Zimmerman, R. C. et al. (2001) 'Top-down impact through a bottom-up mechanism. In situ effects of limpet grazing on growth, light requirements and survival of the eelgrass Zostera marina'. Marine Ecology Progress Series 218: 127-140
Identification code of the datasets reported in the data sources full description document.
Commission for Environmental Cooperation
> SG_27 > SG_28 > SG_29 > SG_30 > SG_31 > SG_32 > SG_33 > SG_34 > SG_35 > SG_36 > SG_37 > SG_38
None. Acknowledgement of the Commission for Environmental Cooperation would be appreciated in products derived from these data.
This material is licensed under CC BY 4.0, allowing non-exclusive rights to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, including for commercial purposes, so long as attribution is given to the creator.